Materials: (1) Tape measure
Methods:
- The patients stand on the leg to be tested, hop, and land on the same limb as far as possible
- The distance hopped, measured at the level of the great toe, is measured and recorded to the nearest centimeter from a standard tape measure that is permanently affixed to the floor.
Video Demonstration by Brian Schwabe, DPT, CSCS
Reliability:
| Study | Population | Type | ICC |
| Munro et al, 2011 | Recreational Female Athletes (Average age= 22.3) | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.80 |
| Recreational Male Athletes (Average age= 22.8) | 0.80 | ||
| Reid et al, 2007 | Young Adults (Average age= 25.6) s/p ACLR | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.92 |
| Gustavsson et al, 2006 | Asymptomatic Young adults (Average age= 28.0) | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.94 – 0.95 |
| Ross et al, 2002 | Young Adults (Average age= 20.6) s/p ACLR | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.94 |
| Brosky et al, 1999 | Young Males (Average age= 26.0) s/p ACLR | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.88 – 0.97 |
| Bolgla et al, 1997 | Asymptomatic Young adults (Average age= 24.5) | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.96 |
| Paterno et al, 1996 | Young Adults s/p ACLR (Average age= 22.4) | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.92-0.96 |
| Asymptomatic Young Adults (Average age= 20.9) | 0.89 | ||
| Kramer et al, 1992 | Young Adults s/p ACLR | Test-Retest Reliability | 0.92 |
Normative Data:
| Study | Population | Study Design | Limb Symmetry Index | MDC |
| Munro et al, 2011 | Recreational Female Athletes (Average age= 22.3) | Descriptive Laboratory Study | 100.00% | – |
| Recreational Male Athletes (Average age= 22.8) | 100.00% | – | ||
| Myers et al, 2011 | Young adults w/o History of ACLR (Average age= 16.9) | Case Control | 100.00% | – |
| Young adults w/ History of ACLR (Average age=16.9 ) | 92.00% | – | ||
| Lentz et al, 2009 | Young adults 6 months s/p ACLR | Cohort Study | 98.40% | – |
| Young adults 12 months s/p ACLR | 95.70% | – | ||
| Wikstrom et al, 2009 | Asymptomatic young adults (Average age= 21.8) | Single-blind, case control | 98.00% | – |
| Ankle instability Copers (Average age= 20.8) | 95.00% | – | ||
| Chronic Ankle Instability (Average age= 21.7) | 101.00% | – | ||
| Reid et al, 2007 | Young adults (Average age= 25.6) 16 weeks s/p ACLR | Prospective, observational with repeated measures | 82.90% | 8.09% |
| Young adults (Average age= 25.6) 22 weeks s/p ACLR | 88.20% | 8.09% | ||
| Laxdal et al, 2007 | Young Males pre-op BPTB ACLR (Average age= 26) | Non-randomized, prospective consecutive series | 82.00% | – |
| Young Males 2 yrs s/p BPTB ACLR (Average age= 26) | 94.00% | – | ||
| Young Males pre-op ST/G ACLR (Average age= 26) | 71.00% | – | ||
| Young Males 2 yrs s/p ST/G ACLR (Average age= 26) | 90.00% | – | ||
| Keays et al, 2003 | Young Adults s/p ACLR (Average age= 27.0) | Cohort Study | 82.00% | – |
| Ross et al, 2002 | Young Adults (Average age= 20.6) s/p ACLR | Descriptive Laboratory Study | 97.90% | – |
| Kramer et al, 1992 | Young Adults s/p ACLR | Descriptive Laboratory Study | 96.00% | – |
Research:
1. Kramer JF, Nusca D, Fowler P, Webster-Bogaert S. Test-retest reliability of the one-leg hop test following ACL reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 1992; 2: 240-243.
2. Paterno MV, Greenberger HB. The test-retest reliability of a one legged hop for distance in young adults with and without ACL reconstruction. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 1996; 6: 1-6.
3. Bolgla LA, Keskula DR. Reliability of lower extremity functional performance tests. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1997; 26: 138-142.
4. Brosky JA, Nitz AJ, Malone TR, et al. Intrarater reliability of selected clinical outcome measures following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1999; 29: 39-48.
5. Ross MD, et al. The relationship between participation restrictions and selected clinical measures following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surg, Sports Traumatol, Arthrosc. 2002; 10: 10–19.
6. Keays SL, Bullock-Saxton JE, Necombe P, et al. The relationship between knee strength and functional stability before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2003; 21: 231-237.
7. Gustavsson A, et al. A test battery for evaluating hop performance in patients with an ACL injury and patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2006; 14(8): 778-88.
8. Laxdal G, et al. A prospective comparison of bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon grafts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in male patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2007; 15: 115–125.
9. Reid A, et al. Hop Testing Provides a Reliable and Valid Outcome Measure During Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Physical Therapy. 2007; 87(3): 337–349.
10. Lentz TA, et al. Factors Associated With Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach. 2009; 1(1): 47-53.
11. Wikstrom EA, et al. Self-Assessed Disability and Functional Performance in Individuals With and Without Ankle Instability: A Case Control Study. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2009; 39(6): 458-467.
12. Munro AG, Herrington LC. Between-session reliability of four hop tests and the agility T-test. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011; 25(5): 1470-1477.
13. Myer GD, et al. Utilization of Modified NFL Combine Testing to Identify Functional Deficits in Athletes Following ACL Reconstruction. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2011; 41(6): 377–388.
Continued Reading…
John Snyder, DPT 